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Ivan Allen, Jr. (March 15, 1911 – July 2, 2003), was an American businessman who served two terms as the 52nd Mayor of Atlanta, Georgia, during the turbulent civil rights era of the 1960s. Allen provided pivotal leadership for transforming the segregated and economically stagnant Old South into the progressive New South. Allen took the helm of the Ivan Allen Company, his father’s office supply business, in 1946 and within three years had the company bringing in annual revenues of several millions of dollars.〔(Where Peachtree Meets Sweet Auburn: A nonfiction account of Ivan Allen's rise to social, economic, and political prominence )〕 In 1961, he authored a white paper for revitalizing Atlanta. It was adopted by the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and became the Six Point Forward Atlanta program. This plan would become his roadmap as mayor for creating an economic surge that established the infrastructure, business, education, arts, sports, and international presence that are the foundations for modern Atlanta.〔(Mayor: Notes on the Sixties )〕 Allen was a founding member of Atlanta’s influential Commerce Club, which he chaired until his death in 2003.〔(''(2003)Ivan Allen, Jr. Family-Placed Death Notice. Atlanta Journal -Constitution. Atlanta, GA.'' )〕 He became President of the city Chamber of Commerce in 1961 and during this same year ran for mayor, defeating the staunch segregationist, Lester Maddox.〔 Convinced that the South could never thrive economically under segregation, Allen supported the demands of African Americans for their accommodation at public facilities. On his first day in office, he ordered the removal of all "white" and "colored" signs from facilities in city hall. Racial alliances forged by Allen with Martin Luther King, Jr. and others in the African American community, along with his advocacy for the public accommodation of African Americans in the white community, allowed Allen to guide Atlanta through the turbulence of racial integration without the violence that occurred in many southern cities. In a key address to the public, he asked Atlantans to eliminate racial segregation and in doing so, to set an example to inspire "all the world". At the behest of President John F. Kennedy, Allen testified before Congress on behalf of what became the Civil Rights Act of 1964. He was the only white southern politician of significance to do so. After his testimony, Allen and his family were under death threats and required police protection for a year.〔 ==Early life== Ivan Allen, Jr. was born in Atlanta on March 15, 1911, the only son of Ivan Allen, Sr (1876-1968) and Irene Beaumont Allen. His father Allen, Sr. was co-founder of the Ivan Allen Company (1900), an office supply and furniture store that, by 1925, had about fifty employees and was one of Atlanta’s best-known businesses. Allen, Sr. was also a founding member of the Atlanta Rotary Club, served as president of the new Atlanta Convention Bureau (1913-1917), president of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce (1917), two years as Senator in the Georgia state legislature (1918-1919), and was the treasurer of the Georgia Democratic Party in 1936.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ivan Allen Sr. )〕 In an effort to attract northern capital to Atlanta, Allen, Sr. headed the Atlanta chamber’s "Forward Atlanta" booster campaign (1926-1929), a strategy that would lure almost 700 new businesses to Atlanta and serve to influence Allen, Jr.'s future as a businessman and civic leader.〔 From an early age, Allen, Jr. understood that his family was one of privilege. He began attending Boys High School in 1927, and was one of the few students to own a car. That same year, his father’s name was published for the first time in the Social Cities Register, an annual list of elites in Richmond, Atlanta, Charleston, Savannah, and Augusta. He regularly attended the First Presbyterian Church of Atlanta with his parents, and would later serve as an elder for many years and an active member until his death.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ivan Allen, Jr.」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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